标签: 间接遗传效应

  • sommer包拟合直接和间接遗传效应

    直接遗传效应(direct genetic effects,DGE):个体的表现型直接受基因型影响。

    间接遗传效应(indirect genetic effects,IGE):个体的表现除了受本身基因的影响,还间接受到相邻个体(社会伙伴)的基因影响。它属于一种环境影响。间接遗传效应的存在改变了基因型-表型的关系,在非直观的条件下改变进化的进程。

    使用CIMMYT小麦项目组提供的数据。数据有2个block,98个个体。该数据用于计算邻接材料对焦点材料的效应。

    表型数据:

         block   focal neighbour trait
    3878    b2 id_4568   id_1995   506
    2038    b2 id_9637   id_9637   390
    3994    b2 id_1720   id_4571   251
    1642    b2  id_755   id_1771   438
    1505    b2 id_6115   id_4568   486
    1813    b2 id_1536    id_784   421
    1459    b2 id_6115   id_5764   632
    3345    b2 id_7489   id_4669   212
    1680    b2  id_755   id_4960   569
    1293    b2 id_4669   id_3613   652
    2063    b2  id_845    id_845   629
    2051    b2 id_4960   id_4960   490
    1412    b2 id_5229   id_5746   891
    1760    b2 id_1995   id_9779   182
    3526    b2 id_8509   id_6115   455
    2014    b2 id_6180   id_6180   702
    1138    b2 id_5963   id_2734   351
    3282    b2 id_1436   id_5963   500
    2026    b2 id_5042   id_5042   332
    1492    b2 id_6115   id_1802   587

    基因型数据:

                 id_5440      id_4568     id_5890     id_1309     id_4640      id_4007
    id_5440  1.956696361 -0.061769158 -0.01634397 -0.06447941 -0.04040527 -0.004130619
    id_4568 -0.061769158  2.002057918  0.02756001 -0.06931443  0.01471098  0.008653623
    id_5890 -0.016343974  0.027560012  1.94589038  0.10144781  0.02089325  0.006026260
    id_1309 -0.064479410 -0.069314435  0.10144781  1.95258925 -0.01528626  0.016297550
    id_4640 -0.040405271  0.014710976  0.02089325 -0.01528626  1.92236611 -0.016776517
    id_4007 -0.004130619  0.008653623  0.00602626  0.01629755 -0.01677652  1.953613106

    (1)直接遗传效应

    表现型只由focal决定。

    library(sommer)
    data(DT_ige)
    DT <- DT_ige
    ## Direct genetic effects model
    modDGE <- mmer(trait ~ block,   # 固定效应为block
    random = ~ focal,   # 随机效应为focal
    rcov = ~ units,
    data = DT, verbose=FALSE)
    summary(modDGE)$varcomp
    
                       VarComp VarCompSE    Zratio Constraint
    focal.trait-trait 19894.45 3118.3474  6.379806   Positive
    units.trait-trait 10134.22  477.9483 21.203584   Positive

    (2)间接遗传效应

    表现型由focal和neighbour共同决定。这里使用DGE的方式计算focal和neighbour的方差组分。

    data(DT_ige)
    DT <- DT_ige
    ## Indirect genetic effects model
    modDGE <- mmer(trait ~ block,
    random = ~ focal + neighbour,
    rcov = ~ units,
    data = DT, verbose=FALSE)
    summary(modDGE)$varcomp
    
                            VarComp VarCompSE    Zratio Constraint
    focal.trait-trait     20550.511 3148.6833  6.526700   Positive
    neighbour.trait-trait  2926.704  607.4191  4.818261   Positive
    units.trait-trait      7301.084  363.8236 20.067649   Positive

    此外,还可以用IGE的方式计算间接遗传效应。gvs()用来计算基因型的协方差矩阵。

    data(DT_ige)
    DT <- DT_ige
    ### Indirect genetic effects model
    modIGE <- mmer(trait ~ block,
                   random = ~ gvs(focal, neighbour),
                   rcov = ~ units,
                   data = DT, verbose=FALSE)
    summary(modIGE)$varcomp
    
                                      VarComp VarCompSE    Zratio Constraint
    focal:focal.trait-trait         21014.516 3212.3586  6.541772   Positive
    focal:neighbour.trait-trait     -7469.401 1246.1105 -5.994173   Unconstr
    neighbour:neighbour.trait-trait  2964.707  576.9991  5.138149   Positive
    units.trait-trait                7297.715  357.8869 20.391120   Positive

    另外,可以通过gvs()的Gu参数提供方差协方差矩阵列表,这里Af=An都是个体的加性效应矩阵。

    data(DT_ige)
    DT <- DT_ige
    Af <- A_ige
    An <- A_ige
    ### Indirect genetic effects model
    modIGE <- mmer(trait ~ block,
                   random = ~ gvs(focal, neighbour, Gu=list(Af,An)),
                   rcov = ~ units,
                   data = DT, verbose=FALSE)
    summary(modIGE)$varcomp
    
                                      VarComp VarCompSE    Zratio Constraint
    focal:focal.trait-trait         27806.797 4162.7014  6.679988   Positive
    focal:neighbour.trait-trait     -9901.351 1532.8048 -6.459630   Unconstr
    neighbour:neighbour.trait-trait  3638.534  611.4065  5.951089   Positive
    units.trait-trait                7409.998  359.9827 20.584320   Positive